Gear lubrication is a fundamental element for the proper functioning of any mechanical system. Adequate lubrication reduces friction between gear tooth surfaces, protects against corrosion, and extends the service life of components.

Gear lubricants are primarily categorized into:

- Mineral oils: cost-effective and versatile, suitable for many industrial applications.
- Synthetic oils: offer superior performance under extreme temperature and load conditions.
- Lubricating greases: used in enclosed systems or where applying oil is difficult.

The choice of lubricant depends on factors such as the gear type (spur, bevel, planetary), rotational speed, load, and operating environment.